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Objective@#To understand the influence of experiential health education on diet control of college students with pre diabetes mellitus, and to provide reference for healthy eating habits promotion among college students.@*Methods@#According to the method of random number table, 78 pre diabetic college students screened from Changzhi Medical College from September 2020 to June 2021 were randomly assigned to observation group and control group (39 students in each group). The control group received routine health education for 10 months, once a week for 1 hour each time; On the basis of the above, the observation group received experiential health education once a week for 1 hour, including diet experience, exercise experience, blood sugar test experience and chronic complications experience. Blood glucose and lipids level, body mass index (BMI), dietary control as well as the stages of change for dietary control behavior were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#There was significant difference between the observation group and the control group in the stages of change for dietary control behavior 10 months after intervention ( χ 2=8.92, P <0.05). The compliance score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group in the same period 10 months after the intervention ( t =3.74, P <0.01), the score of the knowledge of diet control in the observation group 10 months after intervention was significantly higher than that in the control group ( t =11.51, P <0.05). The levels of BMI, TG and TC in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 5 and 10 months after intervention, and the differences were statistically significant ( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Experiential health education helps to promote awareness of diabete related knowledge, enhance self management behavior and good diet control habits, and is effective for blood glucose control.
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Objective: To investigate the hepatorenoprotective effects of Origanum vulgare L. against finasteride-induced oxidative injury in the liver and kidney of mice. Methods: Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS) analysis was utilized to yield a fingerprint of Origanum vulgare polyphenolic constituents. Thirty BALB/c mice received 0.5 mL/day distilled water, finasteride (25 mg/kg/day for 10 d), and 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day finasteride + Origanum vulgare extract with 6 mice per group for five weeks. On day 36, liver and kidney function as well as pro-and antiinflammatory (IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10) cytokines were measured. The total antioxidant status, nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde levels as well as the activities of NO synthase and catalase were also evaluated. Histopathological study was conducted to assess the effect of Origanum vulgare extract on finasteride-induced renal and hepatic toxicities. Results: Twenty-five major polyphenolic compounds were identified in the Origanum vulgare extract by LC-ESI/MS. Origanum vulgare extract, especially at 200 and 400 mg/kg/day doses, significantly improved liver and kidney biochemical indices, decreased inflammatory cytokines, increased total antioxidant status and NO synthase and catalase activities, as well as decreased plasma NO and malondialdehyde levels in a dose-dependent manner as compared to the finasteride group. Histopathological results further confirmed the protective effect of Origanum vulgare extract. Conclusions: Origanum vulgare extract ameliorates finasteride-induced hepatic and renal biochemical and histopathological alterations, and restores antioxidant/oxidant balance.
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Objective: To investigate the hepatorenoprotective effects of Origanum vulgare L. against finasteride-induced oxidative injury in the liver and kidney of mice. Methods: Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS) analysis was utilized to yield a fingerprint of Origanum vulgare polyphenolic constituents. Thirty BALB/c mice received 0.5 mL/day distilled water, finasteride (25 mg/kg/day for 10 d), and 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day finasteride + Origanum vulgare extract with 6 mice per group for five weeks. On day 36, liver and kidney function as well as pro-and antiinflammatory (IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10) cytokines were measured. The total antioxidant status, nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde levels as well as the activities of NO synthase and catalase were also evaluated. Histopathological study was conducted to assess the effect of Origanum vulgare extract on finasteride-induced renal and hepatic toxicities. Results: Twenty-five major polyphenolic compounds were identified in the Origanum vulgare extract by LC-ESI/MS. Origanum vulgare extract, especially at 200 and 400 mg/kg/day doses, significantly improved liver and kidney biochemical indices, decreased inflammatory cytokines, increased total antioxidant status and NO synthase and catalase activities, as well as decreased plasma NO and malondialdehyde levels in a dose-dependent manner as compared to the finasteride group. Histopathological results further confirmed the protective effect of Origanum vulgare extract. Conclusions: Origanum vulgare extract ameliorates finasteride-induced hepatic and renal biochemical and histopathological alterations, and restores antioxidant/oxidant balance.
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ABSTRACT Objective To explore the effects of intraoral pressure on colostrum intake. Methods Healthy women with full-term infants were admitted in the study after birth. Intraoral pressure was detected before and after the mothers' onset of lactation by a pressure sensor during a breastfeeding session. Colostrum intake was measured by weighting the infant before and after breastfeeding. The onset of lactation was confirmed by the mothers' perceptions of sudden breast fullness. Results The newborns' peak sucking pressure was 19.89±7.67kPa before the onset of lactation, dropping to 11.54±4.49kPa after mothers' onset of lactation (p<0.01). The colostrum intake was 4.02±4.26g before the onset of lactation, and 11.09±9.43g after the onset of lactation. Sucking pressure was correlated with the amount of colostrum intake before and after the onset of lactation after adjusting the confounding factors. Conclusions The newborns' intraoral pressure at early stage played a predominant role in colostrum intake. It is recommended to initiate breastfeeding immediately after the birth to take advantages of the active and robust sucking response. It is valuable to understand the importance that the sucking pressure plays in the colostrum intake and active immunity achievement during the first several days after birth.
RESUMO Objetivo Explorar o efeito das pressões intraorais na ingestão de colostro. Métodos Mulheres saudáveis com bebês a termo foram matriculadas após o nascimento. As pressões intraorais foram detectadas antes e após o início da lactação pelas mães através de um sensor de pressão durante uma sessão de amamentação. A ingestão de colostro foi mensurada pelo peso da criança antes e após a amamentação. O início da lactação foi confirmado pela percepção das mães de plenitude súbita da mama. Resultados O pico de pressão de sucção dos recém-nascidos foi de 19,89±7,67kPa antes do início da lactação e caiu para 11,54±4,49kPa após o início da lactação (p<0,01). A ingestão de colostro foi de 4,02±4,26g antes do início da lactação e 11,09±9,43g após o início da lactação. A pressão de sucção foi correlacionada com a quantidade de ingestão de colostro antes e após o início da lactação depois de terem sido feitos ajustes dos fatores de confusão. Conclusão A pressão intraoral dos recém-nascidos no estágio inicial teve um papel predominante na ingestão de colostro. Recomenda-se iniciar a amamentação imediatamente após o nascimento para aproveitar as vantagens da resposta ativa e robusta à sucção. É importante entender a importância que a pressão de sucção desempenha na ingestão de colostro e na conquista da imunidade ativa durante os primeiros dias após o nascimento.
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Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Adult , Breast Feeding , Lactation , Colostrum , Infant, NewbornABSTRACT
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), as a main transcriptional regulator of metabolic adaptation to changes in the oxygen environment, participates in many physiological and pathological processes in the body, and is closely related to the pathogenesis of many diseases. This review outlines the mechanisms of HIF-1 activation, its signaling pathways, natural inhibitors, and its roles in diseases. This article can provide new insights in the diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, and recent progress on the development of HIF-1 inhibitors.
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Humans , Disease , Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1/physiology , Oxygen , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the hepatorenoprotective effects of Origanum vulgare L. against finasteride-induced oxidative injury in the liver and kidney of mice. Methods: Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS) analysis was utilized to yield a fingerprint of Origanum vulgare polyphenolic constituents. Thirty BALB/c mice received 0.5 mL/day distilled water, finasteride (25 mg/kg/day for 10 d), and 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day finasteride + Origanum vulgare extract with 6 mice per group for five weeks. On day 36, liver and kidney function as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory (IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10) cytokines were measured. The total antioxidant status, nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde levels as well as the activities of NO synthase and catalase were also evaluated. Histopathological study was conducted to assess the effect of Origanum vulgare extract on finasteride-induced renal and hepatic toxicities. Results: Twenty-five major polyphenolic compounds were identified in the Origanum vulgare extract by LC-ESI/MS. Origanum vulgare extract, especially at 200 and 400 mg/kg/day doses, significantly improved liver and kidney biochemical indices, decreased inflammatory cytokines, increased total antioxidant status and NO synthase and catalase activities, as well as decreased plasma NO and malondialdehyde levels in a dose-dependent manner as compared to the finasteride group. Histopathological results further confirmed the protective effect of Origanum vulgare extract. Conclusions: Origanum vulgare extract ameliorates finasteride-induced hepatic and renal biochemical and histopathological alterations, and restores antioxidant/oxidant balance.
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@#[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the value of pre-treatment kisspeptin (KISS-1) expression for diagnosis and prognosis prediction of pancreatic cancer. Methods: The clinical data of 90 patients with pancreatic cancer (pancreatic cancer group) in Cancer Hospital of Hubei Province from April 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed; in addition, 40 patients with benign pancreatic lesions were selected as the benign pancreatic lesion group and 30 healthy people were chosen as control group. The serum levels of KISS-1 and CA19-9 in each group were detected by ELISA. The diagnostic efficacies of CA19-9 and KISS-1 in pancreatic cancer and their relationship with the prognosis of pancreatic cancer were analyzed. Results: The serum KISS-1 level in the pancreatic cancer group was significantly higher than that in the benign pancreatic lesion group and the control group (both P<0.01); the area under the curve (AUC) of serum KISS-1, CA19-9 and their combination for pancreatic cancer detection was 0.757 (95% CI: 0.684-0.831, P=0.000), 0.900 (95% CI: 0.854-0.946, P=0.000), and 0.906 (95% CI: 0.861-0.950, P=0.000), respectively. The AUC value of the combined detection was statistically different from that of KISS-1 (Z=3.124, P=0.024), and the AUC value of CA19-9 was also statistically differently from KISS-1 (Z=3.253, P=0.025). Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between KISS-1 and CA19-9 (r=-0.358, P=0.002). The results of survival curve analysis showed that the survival time of patients with serum KISS-1≥73.6 pg/ml was significantly better than that of patients with KISS-1<73.6 pg/ml (χ2=4.520, P=0.036); KISS-1<73.6 pg/ml was independently related to the patient's prognosis with an OR of 2.37 (1.08-4.75). Conclusion: Serum KISS-1 is helpful for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, and the combined detection of KISS-1 and CAI9-9 can improve the sensitivity and specificity of pancreatic cancer diagnosis, and also is beneficial for prognosis evaluation.
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Objective@#To analyze the relationship between family behaviors and overweight/obesity in primary and junior school students aged 6-14 years in Xuzhou, and to provide a reference for a targeted measure to prevent and control overweight and obesity.@*Methods@#Using multistage stratified cluster random sampling, a total of 6 220 students aged 6-14 years old from 10 primary schools and 10 junior schools were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire. Chi-square and multivariate Logistic regression models were used to explore the relationship between family behaviors and overweight/obesity in primary and junior school students.@*Results@#The rate of overweight/obesity in primary and junior boys was higher than that in primary and junior girls. The rate of overweight/obesity in urban students was higher than that of rural students(P<0.05). The Chi-square analysis showed that overweight of parents, irregular breakfast, eating fast food, eating sweets, drinking sweetened beverage, long screen time and short sleep duration were risk family behavior factors of overweight/obesity in primary and junior boy students(P<0.05). The risk family behavior factors of overweight/obesity in primary and junior girl students were overweight of parents, irregular breakfast, eating fast food and eating sweets(P<0.05). The risk family behavior factors of overweight/obesity, such as drinking sweetened beverage and short sleep duration, were also related to primary girls(P<0.05), and long screen time was related to junior girls(P<0.05). The multivariate Logistic regression showed that such family behavior factors as irregular breakfast(OR-boy=1.58, OR-girl=1.74), eating fast food(OR-boy=1.37, OR-girl=1.11), eating sweets(OR-boy=1.85, OR-girl=1.52), drinking sweetened beverage(OR-boy=1.64, OR-girl=1.33) and short sleep duration(OR-boy=1.56, OR-girl=1.69) were positively correlated with the prevalence of overweight/obesity in primary students. Long screen time was also correlated to overweight/obesity primary boy students(OR=1.18). Family behavior factors for child overweight and obesity induded overweight of parents(OR-boy=1.29, OR-girl=1.23) and eating sweets(OR-boy=1.44, OR-girl=1.51). Irregular breakfast(OR=1.51), eating fast food(OR=1.22), drinking sweetened beverage (OR=1.75) and long visual screen time (OR=1.15) were also positively correlated with the prevalence of overweight/obesity in junior boy students.@*Conclusion@#Family behavior factors were positively correlated with the prevalence of overweight/obesity in primary and junior students. The influence of family behavior factors were different between primary and junior students. Behavioral interventions based on family should be adopted to prevent and control the overweight/obesity of children.
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BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to investigate the underlying role of interferon-regulatory factor 2 (IRF2)-inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase, type-II (INPP4B) axis in the regulation of autophagy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. METHODS: Quantitative real time PCR (QRT-PCR) and western blot were performed to determine the expression levels of IRF2, INPP4B and autophagy-related markers in AML cell lines. Autophagy was assessed by elevated Beclin-1 expression, the conversion of light chain 3 (LC3)-I to LC3-II, downregulated p62 expression and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-LC3 puncta formation. The colony formation and apoptosis assays were performed to determine the effects of IRF2 and INPP4B on the growth of AML cells. RESULTS: IRF2 and INPP4B were highly expressed in AML cell lines, and were positively correlated with autophagy-related proteins. Overexpression of IRF2 or INPP4B stimulated autophagy of AML cells, whereas inhibition of IRF2 or INPP4B resulted in the attenuation of autophagy. More importantly, IRF2 or INPP4B overexpression reversed autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA)-induced proliferation-inhibitory and pro-apoptotic effects, while IRF2 or INPP4B silencing overturned the proliferation-promoting and anti-apoptotic effects of autophagy activator rapamycin. CONCLUSION: IRF2-INPP4B signaling axis attenuated apoptosis through induction of autophagy in AML cells.
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Humans , Autophagy , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism , Apoptosis , Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/metabolism , Interferon Regulatory Factor-2/metabolism , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology , Signal Transduction , Blotting, Western , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Real-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Objective@#To construct and identify a mouse model with conditional knockout (cKO) of p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR-cKO) gene in epidermis cells by Cre-loxP system.@*Methods@#Five p75NTRflox/flox transgenic C57BL/6J mice (aged 6-8 weeks, male and female unlimited, the age and sex of mice used for reproduction were the same below) and five keratin 14 promotor-driven (KRT14-) Cre+ /- transgenic C57BL/6J mice were bred and hybridized via Cre-loxP system. Five p75NTRflox/+ ·KRT14-Cre+ /- mice selected from the first generation of mice were mated with five p75NTRflox/flox mice to obtain the second generation hybrids. After the second generation mice were born 20-25 days, the parts of the mice tail were cut off to identify the genotype by polymerase chain reaction method. Four p75NTR gene complete cKO mice (6 weeks old) and 4 wild-type mice (6 weeks old) were selected and sacrificed respectively. The abdominal skin tissue and brain tissue were excised to observe the expression of p75NTR in the two tissue of two types of mice by immunohistochemical staining. The abdominal skin tissue of two types of mice was obtained to observe the histomorphological changes by hematoxylin and eosin staining.@*Results@#(1) Twenty second generation mice were bred. The genotype of 4 mice was p75NTRflox/flox·KRT14-Cre+ /-(p75NTR-/-), i. e. p75NTR gene complete cKO mice; the genotype of 5 mice was p75NTRflox/+ ·KRT14-Cre+ /-, i. e. p75NTR gene partial cKO mice; the genotype of 5 mice was p75NTRflox/flox·KRT14-Cre-/-, and that of 6 mice was p75NTRflox/+ ·KRT14-Cre-/-, all of which were wild-type mice. (2) The expression of p75NTR was negative in skin epidermis tissue of p75NTR gene complete cKO mice, while numerous p75NTR positive expression was observed in skin epidermis tissue of wild-type mice. Abundant p75NTR positive expression was observed in brain tissue of both wild-type mice and p75NTR gene complete cKO mice. (3) There was no abnormal growth of skin epidermis tissue in both wild-type mice and p75NTR gene complete cKO mice, with intact hair follicle structure.@*Conclusions@#Applying Cre-loxP system can successfully construct a p75NTR-cKO mice model in epidermis cells without obvious changes in skin histomorphology.
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@# Objective: To investigate the value of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) for the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Methods: Eighty patients with pancreatic cancer (pancreatic cancer group), forty patients with benign pancreatic disease (benign disease group) who were admitted to Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery in Cancer Hospital of Hubei Province fromApril 2015 to December 2017 were included in the study; and thirty healthy subjects during the same period were included as control. Serum ICAM-1 and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels were determined in all the three groups. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic characteristics of ICAM-1 for pancreatic cancer. The COX regression model was used to analyze whether serum ICAM-1 was independently associated with the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. Results: The levels of ICAM-1 and CA19-9 in pancreatic cancer group were significantly higher than those in benign disease group and control group (P<0.01). The level of CA19-9 in benign disease group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of serum ICAM-1, CA19-9 and the combinations of both was 0.732 (95% CI: 0.658-0.807, P=0.000), 0.691 (95% CI: 0.620-0.762, P=0.000), and 0.747 (95% CI: 0.674-0.821, P=0.000), respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between ICAM-1 and CA19-9 (r=0.472, P=0.000). The survival time of patients with serum ICAM-1< 2 308 U/ml was significantly longer than that of patients with ICAM-1≥2 308 U/ml (χ2=28.357,P=0.000); COX regression analysis showed that ICAM-1≥2 308 U/ml was an independent influence factor for prognosis, with an OR of 3.08 (2.14-7.23). Conclusion: Serum ICAM-1 contributes to the early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of pancreatic cancer.
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ABSTRACT IFN-γ (Interferon-gamma), Mx and IRF-1 (Interferon regulatory factor-1) are main immune-related genes and they play important roles in the innate immune system of vertebrates. In this study, the expression level of the three immune-related genes in twelve tissues of normal adult Japanese flounder was detected using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Thirteen time points (3h, 6h, 9h, 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, 60h, 72h, 84h, 96h, 108h, 120h) were selected to analyze the expression of IFN-γ, Mx and IRF-1 in spleen, head kidney, liver of Japanese flounder infected with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The Japanese flounder IFN-γ, Mx and IRF-1 genes were differently expressed in these tissues and had high expression levels in classical fish immune organs like spleen and head kidney. It was found that the highest expression levels of the Japanese flounder IFN-γ were detected at 24h in spleen, 36h in head kidney and 48h in liver after challenge with LPS. Interestingly, the highest expression levels of Mx in spleen and head kidney were both at 36h and IRF-1 in spleen and liver were both at 24h. The highest expression level of Mx in liver was at 48h and IRF-1 in head kidney was at 12h. The study provides a basis for further research on immune mechanism of IFN-γ, Mx, IRF-1 and the production of recombinant IFN-γ, Mx or IRF-1 used in Japanese flounder cultivation in future.
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OBJECTIVE To investigated the regulatory effect of paeoniflorin-6'-O-benzene sulfonate (CP-25) on B cell activating factor (BAFF)/BAFF receptor-nuclear factor of kappa B (NF-κB) signaling in B cell of collagen induced-arthritis (CIA) mice. METHODS Mice CIA was induced by injection of typeⅡcollagen (CⅡ). The arthritis index (AI) and swollen joint count (SJC) were assessed, and histopathology of spleen and joints were observed. The percentage of B cells subsets, BAFF receptor expressions were analyzed by flow cytometry. BAFF and immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were measured by protein antibody array. The expressions of TRAF2, MKK3, MKK6, p-P38, and p-NF-κB65 in NF-κB signaling mediated by BAFF were analyzed by western blot. RESULTS CP-25 decreased AI and SJC, restored abnormal weights, reduced thymus index and spleen index, inhibited T/B cells proliferation, alleviated the histopathology of spleen and joints in CIA mice. CP-25 also reduced high levels of serum BAFF and immunoglobulin, decreased CD19+B cells, CD19+CD27+B cells, and CD19-CD27+CD138+ plasma cells, inhibited BAFFR and TACI expressions, decreased the expressions of TRAF2, MKK3, MKK6, p-P38, and p-NF-κB65. Compared with biological agents etanercept and rituximab, CP-25 restored high T cells proliferation and percentages of B subsets to normal level, and recovered the high levels of IgA, IgD, IgG1, IgG2a and high expressions molecules in NF- κB signaling to normal levels. The action intensity of rituximab and etanercept was more strong than CP- 25. The inhibitor effects of rituximab and etanercept on AI and SJC, thymus index, proliferation of T cells and B cells subsets were strong, and down-regulated the indexes to under normal levels. CONCLUSION CP-25 might be a promising anti- inflammatory immune and regulation drug, which alleviated CIA and regulated the functions of B cells through BAFF/BAFF receptor-NF-κB signaling.
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G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are transmembrane receptor proteins, which allow signals to transfer across membrane. GPCRs include a large number of receptors, different receptors mediated different signaling pathways of GPCRs- adenylyl cyclase (AC)- cyclic adenosine 3' ,5'-monophosphate (cAMP), including β2 adrenergic receptors (β2- ARs)- AC- cAMP signaling pathways, E-prostanoid2/4 (EP2/4)-AC-cAMP signaling pathways. Regulatory proteins, such as G protein coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) and β-arrestins, play important modulatory roles in GPCRs signaling pathway. GPCRs signaling pathway and regulatory proteins implicate the pathogenesis process of inflammatory and immune response. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovitis and accompanied with inflammatory and abnormal immune response. This article review the advances on GPCRs signaling pathway implicating in the inflammatory and immune response of RA.
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OBJECTIVE This study was to investigate the effects of CP- 25 on the functions of activated human B cells through regulating BAFF and TNF-alpha signaling. METHODS B cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of normal human were isolated using magnetic cell separation (MACS) by a positive selection. B cells (107 cells·mL-1) were stimulated by BAFF (100 ng·mL-1) or TNF-alpha (100 ng·mL-1) for two hours, and then were treated with CP-25 (10-5 mol·L-1) or Rituximab (5 μg·mL-1) or Etanercept (10 μg·mL-1). B cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8. B cell subsets and BAFF receptors (BAFFR, BCMA and TACI) were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2 on B cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of MKK3, MKK6, P-p38, P-p65, TRAF2 and p100/52 was analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS CP-25 inhibited B cells proliferation stimulated by BAFF or TNF- alpha. CP- 25, Rituximab and Etanercept reduced the percentage and numbers of CD19+ B cells, CD19+CD20+ B cells, CD19+CD27+ B cells and CD19+CD20+CD27+ B cells induced by BAFF or TNF-alpha. CP-25 down-regulated the high expression of BAFFR, BCMA and TACI stimulated by BAFF or TNF-alpha. CP-25, Rituximab and Etanercept down-regulated significantly the expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2 on B cell stimulated by BAFF or TNF-alpha. CP-25, Rituximab and Etanercept down-regulated the expression of MKK3, P-p38, P-p65, TRAF2 and p52 in B cells stimulated by BAFF and the expression of TRAF2 and P- p65 in B cells stimulated by TNF-alpha. CONCLUSION CP- 25 regulated moderately activated B cells function by by regulating the classical and alternative NF-κB signaling pathway mediated by BAFF and TNF-alpha-TRAF2-NF-κB signaling pathway. This study suggests that CP-25 may be a promising anti-inflammatory immune and soft regulation drug.
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Hysteroscopy as the gold standard in the diagnosis of intrauterine lesions has been widely recognized. Although it has a good acceptability, without anesthesia or analgesia drug, pain is still the main reason for the failure of hysteroscopy. This paper reviews the research progress in the influence factors of causing the pain of hysteroscopy and the different oral analgesic drugs, ways of local anesthesia, non-drug interventions.
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Hysteroscopy as the gold standard in the diagnosis of intrauterine lesions has been widely recognized. Although it has a good acceptability, without anesthesia or analgesia drug, pain is still the main reason for the failure of hysteroscopy. This paper reviews the research progress in the influence factors of causing the pain of hysteroscopy and the different oral analgesic drugs, ways of local anesthesia, non-drug interventions.
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Objective@#To investigate the application of high-frequency ultrasound in dermabrasion of patients with deep partial-thickness burns.@*Methods@#Twenty-six patients with deep partial-thickness burns conforming to the study criteria were hospitalized in our unit from March 2015 to March 2016. Patients were all performed with dermabrasion. The structure of skin tissue and blood flow signals of uninjured side and wounds before dermabrasion, and those of wounds immediately post dermabrasion and on post dermabrasion day (PDD) 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 were detected with high-frequency ultrasound, and the percentage of blood flow signals was calculated. According to the results of comparison between percentage of blood flow signals of wounds and that of normal skin before dermabrasion, patients were divided into no significant decrease group (NSD, n=19) and significant decrease group (SD, n=7). Wound healing time of patients in two groups was recorded. Data were processed with analysis of variance of repeated measurement, LSD test, t test and Chi-square test. The correlation between the percentage of blood flow signals of wounds before dermabrasion and wound healing time of 26 patients were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.@*Results@#(1) Epidermis of normal skin of patients in two groups before dermabrasion showed continuous smooth linear hyperecho, which was stronger than that of dermis, and boundary of dermis and subcutaneous tissue showed stronger discontinuous linear echo than that of dermis, which gradually transited to subcutaneous tissue. In group NSD, epidermis of wound of patients before dermabrasion showed intermittent rough linear echo, which was weaker than that of normal skin epidermis, and there was no obvious abnormity of boundary between dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Immediately post dermabrasion and on PDD 1, no linear hyperecho of epidermis was observed, showing complete attrition of epidermis, and the echo of dermis and subcutaneous tissue had no obvious change as compared with that before dermabrasion, with flat surface of dermis and partly abraded superficial-dermis but relatively well preserved dermal tissue in whole. The epidermis showed discontinuous linear hyperecho, and epidermis was discontinuously regenerated on PDD 3 and 5. Partial continuous linear hyperecho was detected in the epidermis, showing partial continuous regeneration of epidermis on PDD 7 and 10. The regenerated epidermis was thicker than normal skin epidermis and showed rough linear hyperecho with non-uniform thickness on PDD 14. The regenerated epidermis was thicker than normal skin epidermis and showed rather smooth linear hyperecho with uniform thickness on PDD 21. In group SD, the structure of epidermis and dermis of wound of patients before dermabrasion, immediately post dermabrasion, and on PDD 1 was similar to that in group NSD, but the echo of boundary of dermis and subcutaneous tissue was weakened in different degrees. There was no linear hyperecho of epidermis, showing no epidermis was regenerated on PDD 3 and 5. Intermittent regeneration of epidermis appeared on PDD 7 and 10 with intermittent linear hyperecho. Partial continuous linear hyperecho was detected in the epidermis, showing partial continuous regeneration of epidermis on PDD 14 and 21. (2) The percentages of blood flow signals of wounds of patients in group NSD before dermabrasion, immediately post dermabrasion, and on PDD 1 were (3.1±1.3)%, (6.5±2.0)%, and (5.3±1.9)% respectively, higher than those in group SD [(0.9±1.1)%, (3.5±1.3)%, and (3.6±0.9)% respectively, P<0.05 or P<0.01]. The percentages of blood flow signals of wounds of patients in two groups were similar at the other time points (with P values above 0.05). Compared with the percentage of normal skin in the same group [(3.2±0.7)%], the percentages of blood flow signals of wounds of patients in group NSD were significantly increased immediately post dermabrasion and on PDD 1 (with P values below 0.01) but had no significant change at the other time points (with P values above 0.05). The percentage of blood flow signals of wounds of patients before dermabrasion in group SD was significantly lower than that of normal skin in the same group [(2.8±0.6)%, P<0.01]. The percentage of blood flow signals of wounds of patients in group SD was close to that of normal skin in the same group at each time point post dermabrasion (with P values above 0.05). (3) The wound healing time of patients in group NSD was (16.2±2.5) d, lower than that in group SD [(30.9±2.9) d, t=12.67, P<0.01]. There was obvious negative correlation between the percentage of blood flow signals of wounds before dermabrasion and wound healing time of 26 patients (r=-0.77, P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#High-frequency ultrasound is a good way to observe the imaging features of wounds in patients with deep partial-thickness burns before and after dermabrasion, and it can provide objective imaging evidence for the performance of dermabrasion in patients with deep partial-thickness burns.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Foreign bodies within the sinuses, orbit, and skull base (FBSOS) are rare; hence, diagnosis and management guidelines are lacking. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) removal is preferred because of the less invasiveness and minimal morbidity. This study was designed to summarize clinical experience with ESS management of FBSOS.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively reviewed clinical manifestations, imaging findings, treatment, and outcomes in consecutive patients with ESS removal of FBSOS between 2004 and 2015 at a tertiary academic medical center. The Chi-square test was performed to compare the infection rate between wooden and nonwooden FBSOS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 23 male and five female patients, with median age of 11 years. FBSOS were located within the sinuses (86%), orbit (75%), and skull base/intracranial region (46%). Wooden FBSOS had a significantly higher risk of infection (78%) compared with nonwooden FBSOS (5%, P < 0.05). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) plus three-dimensional reconstruction was sensitive in all cases. Twenty-seven (96%) FBSOS were removed by ESS alone, while 1 (4%) FBSOS was removed using the combined ESS and lateral cervical approach. Four of the nine intracranial penetrating FBSOS patients had intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak and received endoscopic CSF leak repair. Twelve (43%) patients suffered complications (meningitis, diplopia, and vision loss).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ESS is a minimally invasive, safe, and promising surgical approach for FBSOS removal. Contrast-enhanced CT is effective in preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative guidance. Wooden FBSOS had higher risk of infection, thus antibiotics are recommended.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the risk factors of progressive brain contusion and to evaluate their impact on patients' outcome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and thirty two patients with traumatic brain contusion were enrolled in the study, including 70 cases with progressive contusion and 62 cases with non-progressive contusion. The risk factors were investigated with univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The univariate analysis showed that Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) at admission, contusion volume at the first brain CT scans, midline shift, combined with skull fracture, subarachnoid hemorrhage, epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, location of brain contusion, D-dimer levels, combined with type 2 diabetes were associated with progressive brain contusion. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that GCS at admission, contusion volume at the first CT scans, combined with subarachnoid hemorrhage, combined with type 2 diabetes were the independent risk factors for disease progression. The outcome in the progressive group was more aggravated than that in non-progressive group (P = 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Patients with disturbance of consciousness, the larger contusion volume, combined with subarachnoid hemorrhage and diabetes are at risk for progressive brain contusion and unfavorable outcome.</p>